Title: Physiology 2130 / Module 1: Intro to Physiology
On every note of this deck, unless a note says otherwise:
Header: What is the component of the negative feedback loop?

Q: Physiology is: [...]
A: the study of function in living organsims. It explores the mechanisms used to regulate the body's internal envrionment regardless of what happens in the external environment; and attempts to explain the physical and chemical factors responsible for normal function and disease.

Q: Homeostasis is [...]
A: the maitenance of relatively stable conditions within the internal environment, regardless of what is happening in the external environment.

Q: The internal environment is [...]
A: the fluid in which the cells of our body are bathed.

Q: What types of fluid make up the internal environment? [...]
A: Interstitial fluid and blood plasma.

Q: The external envrionment is [...] It also includes the space and contents of [...]
A: the region outside the body.; the digestive, respiratory and urogenital tracts.

The body maintains homeostasis using control systems. The 2 types of control systems are negative feedback and positive feedback control mechanisms.

Q: Negative feedback control systems perform functions such as [...] and [...]
A: maintaining body temperature; maintaining body functions.

Q: A control center is also known as a [...]
A: integrator.

Q: A sensor is also known as a [...]
A: receptor.

Q: What is the problem faced by the body (and all its cells)?
A: How to surround themselves with barriers that allow desired substances to pass in and waste to pass out while maintaining their internal environment.

Q: In a negative feedback system the [...] is detected by the sensor, which eventually [...] its own production by the [...]
A: controlled variable; inhibits; effector.

Q: The control systems of the negative and positive feedback mechanism are the [...] and the [...]
A: nervous system; endocrine system.

Q: In a positive feedback control system, the controlled variable [...]
A: stimulates its own production.

Q: Positive feedback control systems are self-[...]. The controlled variable is produced [...]
A: amplifying; very rapidly.

Q: Examples of positive feedback systems are the generation of [...] and surges of [...]
A: action potential; luteinizing horomones during ovulation

Q: The nervous system is a form of [...] and consists of the [...]
A: rapid communication; brain, spinal cord and nerves.

Q: The [...] is slower at communicating, it does so through the release and distribution of [...]
A: endocrine system; hormones in the blood.

Q: [...] make up molecules
Molecules make up [...],
which can form [...]
A: Atoms; macromolecules; cellular organelles.

Q: Groups of cells with the same specialization are called a [...]
A: tissue.

Q: When 2+ types of tissue combine to form a complex, functional unit, they are called [...]
A: organs.

Q: When several organs cooperate for a common function they are called an [...]
A: organ system.

Q: When all organ systems are grouped together, you have a [...]
A: organism.

The body achieves homeostasis through negative feedback since it restores changes. This could be to maintain body temperature or salt concentrations or water levels.

Q: The main excitatory neurotransmitter is [...].
The main inhibitory neurotransmitter is [...].
A: glutamate; GABA
Extra: Gamma-Amino-Butyric Acid = GABA